It was the Chartist rising of 1859 that prompted the Longcross Barracks on Newport Road. Longcross House which had previously occupied the site was demolished c.1844 to make way for the building of the barracks. On census night 1851, 103 persons were at the barracks, 82 of whom were soldiers, mostly Irish. Although fully occupied in 1871 the only persons there in when the 1861 census was taken were three Chelsea pensioners! It was demolished in 1880, the site then being occupied by the Glamorgan and Monmouthshire Infirmary and Dispensary.